What is the IUD and what types are there?

9 Jul 2020

The intrauterine device, commonly known as the IUD, is the most widely used reversible contraceptive method in the world. It has a 99% effectiveness.

What is the IUD?

It is in a small device in the form of T or inverted amphora that is placed in the uterus where it remains to avoid a possible pregnancy. Actually, the IUD does not allow the conditions are created suitable for the ovule is implanted in the uterus, acts causing an inflammatory reaction in the endometrium involved in the transport of sperm and in the implantation of the embryo if fertilization occurs. The body of the device is coated, usually by copper or gold, which have a spermicidal effect and nullify the capacity of the sperm.

Depending on the type of IUD, the duration of this can range between 5 or 10 years.

The types of IUD that exist

The most used is the copper IUD that has the advantage of not carrying hormones and therefore does not alter the menstrual cycle of women. Unlike the hormonal IUD, it can cause cramping, prolonged menstrual periods and spotting between periods.

Its duration is also 5 years.

The Gold IUD has the same characteristics as the copper IUD, only the body of the device is covered with a gold thread. This device is indicated for women allergic to copper.

The hormonal IUD (progesterone) releases the hormone continuously into the uterine cavity. The cervical mucus becomes very thick, which acts as a very powerful barrier preventing the passage of sperm.

Usually with the hormonal IUD the menstrual cycle is altered. Some of its advantages are the following:

– Decreases the duration and amount of menstruation.

– Improves menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea.

– Improves endometriosis.

– Reduces the risk of pelvic disease incidence.

– Decreases the number and size of myomas.

– Protects against endometrial and cervical cancer.

At the Aragón medical center we work with the IUD placement, it lasts for 5 years with an efficacy as high as female sterilization.

It is important to keep in mind that the IUD does not protect against AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

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